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Hedging with interest rate derivatives: Estimation of hedge ratio & hedging effectiveness
Ruberry, Marika ; Gapko, Petr (advisor) ; Vácha, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis investigates the effectiveness of several hedging strategies and inspects whether advanced econometric models contribute to lower portfolio risk and offer advantages over simple constant hedges. Focused on the German bond market, Euro-Bund and Euro-Bobl futures traded at Eurex are employed to determine which hedging strategy performs best in the fixed-income framework. The hedge ratio is estimated with the OLS, VAR, VECM, and GARCH models, as well as with the duration-based approach. The hedging effectiveness is subsequently measured in terms of percentage variance reduction of a portfolio's returns relative to an unhedged bond, while also considering risk-return trade-off. The analysis showed that the hedging strategies are, in almost all cases, effective in risk minimization though the degree of variance reduction does differ. The duration method decreases the variance by as much as 99% while mostly resulting in low or negative returns. Relative to other constant strategies, the time-varying hedge ratio, estimated by the GARCH, limits the variance least, nonetheless, mostly it provided a variance reduction of at least 65% while also delivering one of the highest returns. Whereas the dynamic strategy did not outperform constant hedges in terms of risk protection, the choice of hedge ratio...
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Modely dynamické podmíněné korelace a jejich aplikace při mitigaci rizika portfolia
Ševčík, Martin ; Frýd, Lukáš (advisor) ; Nevrla, Matěj (referee)
This bachelor thesis investigates asymmetry in returns of corn, gold and crude oil (both spot and futures) and hedging effectiveness of these commodities when employing DCC family models for hedge ratio estimation. The asymmetry in conditional variances was found to be significant only in case of crude oil spot and futures returns and asymmetry in conditional correlation of spot and futures returns was not shown to be significant in neither of the investigated commodities. With respect to the hedging performance, we conclude that differences in hedging performance measured by hedging effectiveness index are negligible and thus do not support superiority of DCC family models over OLS, which served as a benchmark. Historical Value at Risk, on the contrary, identified the DCC with asymmetry in conditional variance (despite asymmetry not being significant) to be appropriate for corn hedging, however not for the other two commodities, where the OLS based hedge ratio performed similarly or even better than the DCC family models. The main contribution of the thesis thus lays in empirical investigation of asymmetry in returns of selected commodities and testing hedging potential of DCC family based hedge ratio.
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Hedge Effectiveness in Copper Futures Market: Case study for "Erdenet" Mining Co.Ltd in Mongolia
Khurelbaatar, Baigali ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
The objective of the thesis is to analyze the copper futures market in London Metal Exchange (LME) and to recommend appropriate hedging strategy in copper futures market to the Erdenet Mining Corporation in Mongolia. It uses daily official settlement copper prices of LME in the spot and 3 month futures markets from 2000-2014. Initially, we use cointegration test and ECM to investigate the copper market efficiency. Then OLS, ECM, GARCH, EGARCH and ECM-GARCH models are employed to compute different optimum hedge ratios. Finally, the hedge effectiveness is measured based on minimization of the value of AIC and SBIC. Our result indicate that copper futures market is inefficient. Hedge effectiveness comparison concludes that ECM model gives the best hedging performance. However, ECM-GARCH is accounted to be the best model for hedging strategy since it captures the time-varying conditional heteroscedasticity to ECM model. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Odhad zajišťovacího poměru: srovnání konstantních metod odhadu založených na MNČ, ARCH a GARCH
Paříková, Adéla ; Černý, Michal (advisor) ; Formánek, Tomáš (referee)
Volatile prices of commodities relate to financial risk faced by individuals or economic subjects exposed to them. One way to minimize the impact of change in market price is to use its hedging by futures contracts. The optimal hedge ratio estimation (ratio between units of spot and futures contracts) is the focus of this study. Its objective is to compare hedge ratios based on minimum variance methodology using three methods - OLS, ARCH and GARCH, by measuring their hedging effectiveness using variance and value at risk reduction. The results differ across commodities, however several conclusions can be made. The ARCH-based hedge ratios do not perform significantly worse than the GARCH-based hedge ratios. The same estimation method can be used for assets having similar returns development and a well performing hedge can be expected. Results of hedge ratios of strongly correlated assets estimated by different methods tend to have very similar values to one another and to the related correlation coefficient. More generally, the best performing hedge ratios are those having very similar values to correlation between spot and futures 1-day returns.
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